Whatever good things we may experience in this world are gifts from God. So what grips you? What grips me? The desire for happiness? Family? Achievement at work? Increase in knowledge? Many of us know that the right answer should be something like “God himself” or “the glory of God.” But that might not be the same as what actually grips our attention and desire.
That concern does not necessarily strike us as gripping. In this life, what grips you? What grabs your attention and energy? Abraham was concerned to have a son who would be his heir. 1.1: Edmund Clowney’s Triangle, Summarizing Steps for Typological Reasoning3ġ After these things the word of the LORD came to Abram in a vision: “Fear not, Abram, I am your shield your reward shall be very great.” 2 But Abram said, “O Lord GOD, what will you give me, for I continue childless, and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?” 3 And Abram said, “Behold, you have given me no offspring, and a member of my household will be my heir.” 4 And behold, the word of the LORD came to him: “This man shall not be your heir your very own son shall be your heir.” 5 And he brought him outside and said, “Look toward heaven, and number the stars, if you are able to number them.” Then he said to him, “So shall your offspring be.” 6 And he believed the LORD, and he counted it to him as righteousness.
This homily illustrates the use of Clowney’s triangle of typology, which represents a two-step process: finding the meaning of a symbol (S) in its own time (truth T1), and then discerning how the truth is fulfilled in Christ (truth Tn).2 Application is best worked out as a third step, after discerning the role of Christ. Let us begin with a short homily on Genesis 15:1-6. I appreciate being invited to contribute to a discussion of expository preaching, using Genesis 15:1-6 as an example. But there may be a spectrum of ways through which this centrality is wisely expressed and maintained. The centrality of Christ in the life of the NT church implies his centrality in the preaching and teaching of the church. All these are linked together by their coherent, mutually reinforcing presence in Genesis 15:1-6. We take into account themes that link the work of God in Genesis 15:1-6 to the climactic work of Christ- themes like promise and fulfillment, blessing, offspring, inheritance, fear, and protection. We take into account its literary place in Genesis 15 and in the whole of Genesis we take into account the historical setting of patriarchal times.
When we apply these principles to Genesis 15:1-6, it follows that we can have many kinds of study of the passage. As part of the total process of teaching, we can affirm the value of grammatical and historical study, study of human spiritual and moral examples, study of the process of redemption leading to Christ, study of types and analogies with Christ, study of the nature of God, and more. This limitation constrains the content of preaching and teaching, but leaves much freedom with respect to form and selection of texts and topics at any particular time and place. The principle of sola scriptura, when applied to church officers and to preaching, implies that preachers are given authority by Christ to proclaim and teach the content of Scripture, but not to add to or subtract from that content. Poythress has written numerous articles and books such as God-Centered Biblical Interpretation (P&R, 1999) In the Beginning Was the Word: Language-A God-Centered Approach (Crossway, 2009) : Inerrancy and Worldview Answering Modern Challenges to the Bible (Crossway, 2012) Inerrancy and the Gospels: A God-Centered Approach to the Challenges of Harmonization (Crossway, 2012) Reading the Word of God in the Presence of God (Crossway, 2016) and Theophany: A Biblical Theology of God’s Appearing (Crossway, 2018). He earned his PhD from Harvard University and ThD from the University of Stellenbosch. Poythress is Professor of New Testament Interpretation at Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he has taught for nearly four decades.
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The following article originally appeared in the Southern Baptist Journal of Theology 22/3 (2018): 47-66, and is available here in PDF form.
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